Experimentally derived from the English experiment a means test or trial Carried out carefully in order to study and gain new What Happens knowledge which in Indonesian means test or experiment carried out carefully to learn what happened and to gain new knowledge. Experimental research is a method that systematic and logical to answer the question: "if something is done in controlled conditions with teliliti, then what will happen?". In this case, researchers manipulate the stimuli, and then the treatment effect arising mengobeservasi.
A. Introduction
One form of research known in researching social phenomena are non-experimental research. This research is usually conducted in the laboratory. Nature that requires a clear indication, concrete and can be counted cause can only be applied to problems which can be calculated mathematically.
It is as applied to the study to determine the effect of fertilizer A plant in a pot of tea for example. To examine the experiment was made to separate the two groups of plants in a pot of tea, group A who were given daily fertilizer A and group B who were not given fertilizer. Inikasinya is the number of leaves that can be calculated periodically.
The number of differences between groups A and leaves the group B is the result of experimental research. but even then, to the problem of human life, although this study can not be applied in principle, and still no attempt to use this technique with a quasi-experimental or nearly resembling eksperimental.Makalah research will elaborate on the subject of experimental research.
| B. Definition: Experimental Research |
Experiments comes from the English language test or experiment which means the trial Carried out carefully in order to study and gain new What Happens knowledge [1] which in Indonesian means test or experiment carried out carefully to learn what happened and to get new knowledge. Experimental is an adjective derived from the experiments, which means something that is used by the experiment. While the scientific understanding, experimental research means research that is done by comparing two groups of research goals by providing strict conditions to obtain the difference between the two groups. Experimental research is a systematic and logical method to answer the question: "if something is done in controlled conditions with teliliti, then what will happen?". In this case, researchers manipulate the stimuli, and then the treatment effect arising mengobeservasi. [2] |
| C. Experimental and Quasi Experimental Research. |
According to some sources that, research can only be carried out to these questions concerning the things that can be done in the laboratory or field that does not involve human life. [4] In addition, it appears also that the study is appropriate eskperimental research to answer questions that can be converted into a hypothesis that is expressed quantitatively, because the aim of quantitative research to explain, predict or control the phenomenon through focused data collection of numerical data. [5] Research using rigorous control treatment usually can not dilakasanakan with human and social problems. Because, in addition to the problem courtesy bekaitan research in social sciences research very difficult to carry out experimental studies, so that the research developed using experimental or quasi-experimental almost experimental. [6] In the experimental study. determination of each unit experiments in one treatment group or comparison group always done with the term lottery random determination. quasi-experimental studies provide an opportunity to examine treatments in the community who are not placed intentionally, but occur naturally. However, its value can not equal the actual efficacy of experimental research. For example, a student who comes from a big city compared to students who come from a small town. So when the new admissions, a researcher will record height, weight, upper arm circumference calf circumference freshmen. After that, he grouped the data terkempul the two groups, ie groups of students who come from big cities and groups of students who come from a small town. To distinguish The second group, the researcher must define that is a big city is the capital city of the province, while smaller cities are cities in addition to the big city. Researchers then compared the average upper arm circumference, height and weight. Then from these studies he concluded that students who come from big cities tend to be higher than the students who come from a small town, but the calf circumference students from smaller cities than in students who come from a small town. From these studies, a researcher can then design a more in-depth study of the behavior of living differ between students who come from big cities and small towns. Such research is a study that used a quasi-experimental, because to do so should beradasarkan experiments. This can be explained that, when in the experimental studies the researcher must select and randomize all infants in Indonesia to be divided into two groups, who come from towns and cities. Then they were told to go to school to become a student, of course, such research can not be done. What can be done is to collect data from a material that has been available, he expects that existing materials could represent the real situation quite well. Sometimes it meets expectations come true, but sometimes for certain problems researchers can get stuck because in addition to treatment appeared to him in the experimental material, without realizing there are other factors that influence the observed unit. [7] All experimental studies are prepared by an attempt to describe the problem so that said his understanding is analytical research. As with the research that did not use the trial to the so-called non-experimental research. Eksperimentalpun quasi experiment actually closer to the non-experimental research because research is not required for a controlled experiment. Such studies can be analytical, but it can also be descriptive. Descriptive research can be considered as a study to discover the facts which was followed by the interpretation. Descriptive studies may include research to identify the pilot or the formulation of the nature of an event, before the holding of a more in-depth research. This descriptive study also may also be useful to get an overview of the characteristics of the group, community group or organization. As one feature of empirical scientific research, the results of the study should also be tested eskperimental try again at another place and time. Objectivity of a study depends on this. [8] |
| D. Experimental group (treatment) and Control Group |
Experimental study using an experiment designed specifically to raised up the data needed to answer the research question. Studies using the experimental design is considered as the most desirable type of study by one researcher. The definition of experiment is part of a study comparing two groups of research objectives. One group was given special treatment and a kelompol longer controlled on a state whose influence is used as a comparison. Because of this second group is referred to as the control group, control group or groups pembangding. Difference in response between treatment groups with the control group to measure the influence of the treatment given to the treatment groups. [3] An example is a study to examine the effect of giving the dregs of tea into the pot of seedlings planted maidenhair ferns. For that provided the plant maidenhair ferns in pots. The composition of the soil and plants are also cultivated at the same age. Each pot contains soil that has been planted maidenhair ferns, and that will be used as an experimental implementation of the suggestion called experimental units. Determination of the pot which is placed and grouped trials which grouped the comparison is determined by lottery. Determination of the pot that will be watered and given the dregs of tea every morning determined channeled through the lottery. Water spray to each pot in both groups were also given the same amount. Therefore, maidenhair ferns in pots in the control group and maidenhair ferns growing in a pot that is in the treatment group were both grown on the same medium and environment of the same, the difference is only giving the tea waste. The next calculated how the increase in new leaf in each month for each pot, then there is a difference between the number of comparison groups and control groups is a measure of the effect of giving the tea waste. |
| in the table, at the end of the study will: Group The number of leaves Difference Beginning of the experiment End of the experiment (1) treatment Y 11 Y 12 D 1 = Y 12-Y 11 (2) control Y 01 Y 02 D 2 = Y 02-Y 01 |
An experimental effort to contain comparison of the effect of a particular tritmen with a different tritmen other or with no tritmen. In reference to conventional experiments are simple, usually made of a group experimental and control groups. experimental and control groups were, as far as possible the same or nearly the same characteristics. In the experimental group is given a certain tritmen or perlauan, whereas in the control group was not given. Then, the state of the two groups was observed to see and determine the differences or changes in the experimental group. But, however, experiments are not always marked with a comparison group given tritmen and groups who are not given tritmen. There are many types, levels and levels of experimental factors that can be set at a number of groups. For example, the effectiveness mengeksperimentasikan a febrifuge, then it could be three groups, the group given dose is more, the group given normal doses and low dose groups were fed. So in this study, all groups have tritmen, and no control group. [9] in conjunction with the research as mentioned above, it is an essential element in the experiment is the control of experimental factors, and observe the effect of these experimental factors. |
| D. Cover |
The value difference the difference D 1 - D 2 will be the size of the effect of leaf tea waste of maidenhair ferns. One form of research known in researching social phenomena are non-experimental research. Means of experimental research study conducted by comparing two groups of research goals by providing strict conditions to obtain the difference between the two groups. Research is usually conducted in the laboratory. Nature that requires a clear indication, concrete and can be counted cause can only be applied to problems which can be calculated mathematically. So for the sake of scientific research that bekaitan with social problems, built quasi-experimental research technique. Technique quasi-experimental study is a research based on experimental research and the existing data of materials that could represent the natural state. In essence the technique is much more rigorous experimental studies of the quasi-experimental. |
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