Imam Shafi'i's full name Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Idris As Shafi, was born in Gaza, Palestine in the year 150 AH (767-820 AD), came from patrician families Qurays and still far prophet SAW. of his father, his lineage met Abdul Manaf (third grandfather prophet) and his mother was a great-grandson of Ali ibn Abi Talib ra During the womb, his parents left Mecca toward Palestine, arriving in Gaza, his father became ill and passed away into Rahmatullah, then he nurtured and raised by his mother in a very concerned and Seba deficiency, at the age of 2 years, he and his mother returned to Makkah and in this city that Imam Shafi'i gets custody of the mother and her family more intensively.
At the age of 9 years, he has memorized the entire Koran verses smoothly even he had 16 times khatam Al-Quran on his journey from Mecca to Medina. A year later, the book Al Muwatha 'essays containing the imam malik 1720 hadith options also memorized by rote, Imam Shafi'i also pursue Arabic language and literature at the Bedouin village hundail children for several years, and then he returned to Mecca and studied fiqh from a great scholars who also mufti of Mecca at that time Imam Muslim bin Khalid Azzanni. His intelligence is what makes him the very young age (15 years old) has been sitting in a chair mufti of Mecca, Imam Shafi'i has not yet satisfied the demands of science, because the more he pursue a science, the more that he has not understood, so it is not Imam Shafi'i surprising that teachers are so many in number equal to the number of his disciples.
Although Imam Shafi'i controlled almost all disciplines, but he is better known as an expert legal tradition as the core of his thinking and focused on the two branches of science, a great defense against the Sunnah of the Prophet so that he was dubbed Nasuru Sunna (Defenders of the Sunnah of the Prophet). In his view, the Prophetic traditions have a very high position, even some of the states that Imam Shafi'i equalizes with Al Quran Sunnah position in relation to the sources of Islamic law, therefore, according to him every law laid down by the prophet in fact the result of understanding Prophet gained from understanding the Koran. In addition to these two sources (the Quran and Hadith), in making a determination of law, Imam Shafi'i also use Ijma ', Qiyas and istidlal (reasoning) as the basis of Islamic law.
With regard to innovation, Imam Shafi'i found Bid'ah is divided into two kinds, namely commendable innovation and astray, said if the innovation is commendable in line with the principles of the Quran and Sunnah, and vice versa. in the matter of imitation, he always gave attention to the students so that students do not blindly accept the opinion of opinion and the results of ijtihad, he was not happy students blind students bertaklid opinion and ijtihad, but instead asked to be critical and cautious in accepting an opinion, as the expression His "This ijtihadku, if you find another ijtihad better than ijtihadku then follow the ijtihad".
Among the works of Imam Shafi'i, Al Proceedings, including Umm Al contents of some book, but it is also a book of Hadith Hadith Al Musnadberisi rasulullahyang collected in the book as well as the deviation Umm Al Hadith.
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