What it's actually called hyperactive? Hyperactivity disorder actually been known since about 1900 in the medical world. In further developments from the term ADHD (Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder). To be called to have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, there should be three main symptoms that appear in the behavior of a child, namely inatensi, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
Inatensi
Inatensi less attention or concentration can be seen from a child's failure to give full attention to something. Children are not able to maintain concentration on something, so it is easy to switch attention from one thing to another.
Hyperactivity
Symptoms can be seen from the behavior of hyperactive children who can not sit still. Sitting quietly is something that is hard to do. He would get up and run around, walk around, even climbing climb. In addition, he tends to talk a lot and create noise.
Impulsive
Impulsive symptoms characterized by difficulties children to delay response. There is a kind of encouragement to say / do something that is not controlled. The drive is urged to be expressed immediately and without consideration. A concrete example of impulsive symptoms are impatient behavior. Children will not wait to wait for the finish the conversation. Children will interrupt or rush to answer before the question is completed submitted. Children also can not wait for their turn, like queuing example. The other side of the child's impulsivity is a high potential for harmful activity, either for themselves or others.
The third addition to the above symptoms, to be given the diagnosis of hyperactivity there are several other conditions. Disruption in the already settled at least 6 months, and occurred before the child was 7 years old. These symptoms appear in at least two situations, such as at home and at school.
Inatensi
Inatensi less attention or concentration can be seen from a child's failure to give full attention to something. Children are not able to maintain concentration on something, so it is easy to switch attention from one thing to another.
Hyperactivity
Symptoms can be seen from the behavior of hyperactive children who can not sit still. Sitting quietly is something that is hard to do. He would get up and run around, walk around, even climbing climb. In addition, he tends to talk a lot and create noise.
Impulsive
Impulsive symptoms characterized by difficulties children to delay response. There is a kind of encouragement to say / do something that is not controlled. The drive is urged to be expressed immediately and without consideration. A concrete example of impulsive symptoms are impatient behavior. Children will not wait to wait for the finish the conversation. Children will interrupt or rush to answer before the question is completed submitted. Children also can not wait for their turn, like queuing example. The other side of the child's impulsivity is a high potential for harmful activity, either for themselves or others.
The third addition to the above symptoms, to be given the diagnosis of hyperactivity there are several other conditions. Disruption in the already settled at least 6 months, and occurred before the child was 7 years old. These symptoms appear in at least two situations, such as at home and at school.
Problems commonly experienced by children hyperactive
Problems at school
Children are not able to follow the lessons delivered by teachers well. The concentration of the easily distracted the child can not absorb the subject matter as a whole. Short attention span makes kids want to get it over with when working on school assignments. A high tendency to speak will disrupt children and friends are invited to speak so that the teacher will think that the child is not paying attention. Many found that many hyperactive children have difficulty reading, writing, language, and mathematics. Special to write, hyperactive children have fine motor skills that are generally not as good as a regular kid
Problems at home
Compared with other children, hyperactive children often easier anxious and discouraged. In addition, it is easy psychosomatic disorders (health problems caused by psychological factors), such as headaches and stomachaches. It is associated with a lower tolerance for frustration, so when experiencing disappointment, he easily emotional. Additionally hyperactive children tend to be stubborn and easily angered when his wish was not fulfilled immediately. Barriers tersbut make children less able to adjust to the environment. Children rarely considered naughty and nice experience rejection from family and friends. Because often made annoyance, parents often treat children as less warm. Parents then a lot of control of the child, full control, much criticized, even punishment. Reaction child shall resist and rebel. The result is a tension between parents and children. Both children and parents become stressed, and the situation became less comfortable rumahpun. As a result, children become more easily frustrated. Failure socializing everywhere foster a negative self concept. Children will feel that they are bad, always failing, inadequate, and rejected.
Problem speak
Hyperactive children usually love to talk. He was a lot of talk, but actually less efficient in communicating. Concentration problems make it difficult to communicate the tradeoffs. Hyperactive children tend to be busy with yourself and the other person is less able to respond appropriately.
Physical Problem
In general, hyperactive children have high levels of physical health as other children. Some disorders such as asthma, allergies, and throat infections are common. At the time of sleep is usually also not as quiet as other children. Many hyperactive children who have trouble sleeping and often wake up at night. In addition, high levels of physical activity children are also at high risk for accidents like falls, sprains, and so on.
The following are the factors that cause hyperactivity in children:
Factors neurologic
The incidence of higher hyperactivity found in babies born with prenatal issues such as the length of labor, fetal distress, delivery by forceps extraction, toksimia gravidarum or eclampsia compared with normal pregnancy and childbirth. In addition to factors such as babies born with low weight, mothers who are too young, mothers who smoke and drink alcohol also raises the incidence of hyperactivity
The occurrence of slow brain development. Etiologic factor in the neuoralogi which until now widely embraced dysfunction is one of the neurotransmitters in the brain called dopamine. Dopamine is an active substance that is useful to maintain the concentration
Several studies showed the disruption of blood perfusion in specific regions in hyperactive children, namely in the striatum, an area-orbital prefrontal, orbital-limbic brain regions, particularly the right side
Toxic factor
Some food substances such as salicylates and preservatives memilikipotensi to form hyperactive behavior in children. In addition, levels of lead (lead) in the blood serum of children increased, mothers who smoke and consume alcohol, exposed to X-rays during pregnancy can also give birth candidate hyperactive children.
Genetic Factors
Obtained a high correlation of hyperactivity that occurs in families with hyperactive children. Approximately 25-35% of the parents and siblings will decrease childhood hyperactivity in children. It is also seen in twins.
Psychosocial and environmental factors
In hyperactive children often mistakenly considered a relation between parents and children.
Here are some ways that can be done by parents to educate and guide their children classified as hyperactive:
Parents need to gain knowledge about hyperactivity disorder
Know your child's strengths and talents
Helping children in socializing
Using behavior management techniques, such as using positive reinforcement (eg praise when children eat in an orderly manner), provide consistent discipline, and always monitor children's behavior
Provide adequate space for the activities of children to channel excess energy
Accepting the limitations of children
Generating confidence child
And working with teachers in schools for teachers to understand the child's actual condition
Besides, children can also manage their own behavior with parental guidance. For example, by giving a good example to the children, and then, when children break, parents remind children about the example of parents who have ever given before.
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