Pemeliharaan Kambing
(Sumber: Soedjai, Ahmad. 1975. Beternak Kambing. Bandung-Jakarta: N.V. Masa Baru.)
Kambing yang dimaksud ini yaitu kambing bangsa Sanen. Tiap hari kambing itu dapat menghasilkan air susu sebanyak 3-5 liter. Bentuk badannya hampir sama dengan badan kambing Kosta. Warnanya banyak yang putih sedang rambutnya agak panjang. Kupingnya berdiri, lancip dan kecil. Kepalanya kecil dan lancip. Untuk menjaga agar supaya kita pelihara tetap sehat, bertubuh baik dan memberi hasil semaksimal mungkin, hendaknya pemeliharaan ini diselenggarakan sebagai berikut: sedapat mungkin hewan itu tiap hari dilepaskan atau ditambat dengan tali panjang di tegalan rumput, di mana ia dengan leluasa dapat menggerakkan badannya dan mencari rumput yang digemarinya. Mengeluarkan kambing ini dari kandangnya jangan terlalu pagi karena rumput di tegalan ketika itu masih banyak mengandung air embun yang dapat menimbulkan penyakit perut pada hewan yang memakannya. Maka kambing itu sebaiknya baru di bawa ke tegalan pukul 9 pagi, bila matahari telah agak tinggi dan air embun telah kering. Petang hari kira-kira pukul 4-5 segala kambing itu harus dimasukkan kembali ke kandangnya. Di sana hendaklah disediakan rumput untuk makannya malam hari. Makanan hijau untuk kambing sebaiknya janganlah terdiri atas rumput saja, akan tetapi harus dicampurkan dengan dedaunan umpamanya daun turi, pisang, rupa kacang, crotalaria, kembang sepatu, ketelah rambat, daun dangka dan sebagainya. Banyaknya makanan hijau itu untuk seekor kambing yang tidak dikeluarkan dari kadnang, setiap harinya adalah 5-7 kg. untuk yang dilepaskan atau digembala setiap hari, makanan hijau itu boleh dikurangi sedikit. Daun ketelah pohon sebaiknya jangan diberikan kepadanya sebab makanan itu banyak mengandung racun: HCN, yang menimpulkan sakit perut kembung pada hewan yang memakannya. Jika terpaksa memberikannya, daun itu hendaklah dijemur dahulu sampai layu. Atau lebih baik lagi jika daun ketelah pohon yang dipungut hari itu, baru diberkan ke hewan pada hari esoknya. Kambing Benggala atau Etawa biasanya tidak suka rumput. Yang dimakannya hanya daunan saja. Hal ini menjadi rintangan yang tidak sedikit bagi kegemaran terhadap pemeliharaan kambing bangsa itu di kalangan rakyat, khususnya di antara sebagian besar dari rakyat desa di tanah Jawa. Di dalam praktek di desa di tanah Jawa tidak mudah lagi buat mencarikan daunan setiap hari untuk kambing umpamanya daun nangka, daun jaran, daun kemelandingan dan sebagainya. Sebetulnya sifat kambing Etawa yang hanya suka memakan daunan saja dan menolak rumput, hanyalah berdasar kepada kebiasaan saja. Ditempat pemeliharaan ternak Jawatan Kehewanan di Bogor telah dapat dipelihara kambing Etawa yang tidak memantangkan rumput. Setiap hari ia diberi makanan hijau secara yang dberikan kepada kambing asli. Jadi jika hendak memelihara kambing Etawa, hendaklah ia dari kecil dipaksa membiasakan memakan rumput dan jangan diberi daunan. Dengan jalan demikian maka pemeliharaan Etawa itu tidak akan berbeda dengan pemeliharaan kambing asli. Kambing Etawa yang menghasilkan air susu hendaknya diberi uga makanan penguat setiap hari, di samping makanan hijau. Ukuran makanan penguat itu untuk seekor sehari adalah ½-1 kg. diberikan ialah 2 kali dalam sehari yaitu pagi sekali dan siang sekali. Hal makanan penguat ini dan makanan tambahan dapat diberikan sebagai bubur atau kering. Kambing Etawa yang memberikan air susu hendaknya tiap minggu dimainkan sekali dan digosok sampai bersih. Kotoranan yang melekat pada bulunya harus dibersihkan selalu. Bulu yang terlalu panjang boleh digunting atau dibereskan dengan sisir. Putting susu kambing perahan ahrus selalu bersih dan sehat keadaannya. Setelah dimandikan hewan itu tidak boleh segera masuk kandang melainkan hendaklah dijemur dahulu dipanas matahari atau digosok dengan lap kering sampai kering.
IN ENGLISH (with google translate Indonesian-english):
Maintenance Goats
(Source: Soedjai, Ahmad., 1975. Raising Goats. Bandung-Jakarta: The new NV.)
This goat is the goat nations Sanen. Every day the goat can produce as much as 3-5 liters of milk. Body shape is similar to goat Costa body. The color was a lot of white hair rather long. Ears stood up, pointed and small. His head was small and pointy. To ensure that we maintain that healthy, well bodied and gives maximum results, this maintenance should be conducted as follows: whenever possible each day the animal is released or tethered by a long rope on the moor grass, where he is free to move his body and seek digemarinya grass. Removing this goat from his cage not too early because the grass in the moor when it was still a lot of water condensation that can cause stomach ailments in animals that eat them. So it should be a new goat was taken to the moor at 9 am, when the sun has been rather high, and the dew has dried. Evening at about 4-5 all goats must be put back into his cage. There ought to provide hay for the evening feeding. Green food for goats should consist of grass let alone, but must be mixed with leaves leaves turi eg, banana, bean form, crotalaria, hibiscus, ketelah vines, leaves dangka and so on. The number of green food for a goat that is not removed from kadnang, every day is 5-7 kg. for the release or herded every day, green foods may be reduced slightly. Ketelah tree leaves should not be given to him because many foods that contain toxins: HCN, which menimpulkan flatulence pain in animals that eat them. If forced to give it, let the leaves are dried in the sun before until wilted. Or better yet if ketelah tree leaves collected that day, a new diberkan to animals on the following day. Bengal Goat or Etawa usually do not like grass. Which just leaves it eats. This is an obstacle that does little for the maintenance of the goat craze among the people of the people, especially among the majority of the people of the village in Java. In practice in the village in Java is not easy anymore to find a goat leaves every day for example jackfruit leaves, leaf lesson, kemelandingan leaves and so on. Actually nature Etawa goat who just love to eat grass leaves alone and rejected, is based on the habit. Maintenance in cattle Veterinary Surgeon in Bogor has been able to maintain that no memantangkan Etawa goat grass. Every day he was given the green food in the Plavix to native goats. So if you want to raise goats Etawa, let him get used to being forced out of a small grass and should not be eating leaves. And so the maintenance Etawa it will be no different with the maintenance of native goats. Etawa that produce the milk should be given uga food reinforcement every day, in addition to green food. Size it to an amplifier meals a day is ½ -1 kg. is given two times a day ie morning and lunch once. It was amplifier foods and food additives can be given as a slurry or dry. Etawa that provide breast milk should be played once every week and scrubbed it clean. Kotoranan attached to the fur must be cleaned constantly. Fur that is too long may be cut or cleared with a comb. Putting ahrus milking goat milk is always clean and healthy condition. After bathing the animal should not be immediately entered the cage but first let heated sun dried or rubbed with a dry cloth to dry.
(Source: Soedjai, Ahmad., 1975. Raising Goats. Bandung-Jakarta: The new NV.)
This goat is the goat nations Sanen. Every day the goat can produce as much as 3-5 liters of milk. Body shape is similar to goat Costa body. The color was a lot of white hair rather long. Ears stood up, pointed and small. His head was small and pointy. To ensure that we maintain that healthy, well bodied and gives maximum results, this maintenance should be conducted as follows: whenever possible each day the animal is released or tethered by a long rope on the moor grass, where he is free to move his body and seek digemarinya grass. Removing this goat from his cage not too early because the grass in the moor when it was still a lot of water condensation that can cause stomach ailments in animals that eat them. So it should be a new goat was taken to the moor at 9 am, when the sun has been rather high, and the dew has dried. Evening at about 4-5 all goats must be put back into his cage. There ought to provide hay for the evening feeding. Green food for goats should consist of grass let alone, but must be mixed with leaves leaves turi eg, banana, bean form, crotalaria, hibiscus, ketelah vines, leaves dangka and so on. The number of green food for a goat that is not removed from kadnang, every day is 5-7 kg. for the release or herded every day, green foods may be reduced slightly. Ketelah tree leaves should not be given to him because many foods that contain toxins: HCN, which menimpulkan flatulence pain in animals that eat them. If forced to give it, let the leaves are dried in the sun before until wilted. Or better yet if ketelah tree leaves collected that day, a new diberkan to animals on the following day. Bengal Goat or Etawa usually do not like grass. Which just leaves it eats. This is an obstacle that does little for the maintenance of the goat craze among the people of the people, especially among the majority of the people of the village in Java. In practice in the village in Java is not easy anymore to find a goat leaves every day for example jackfruit leaves, leaf lesson, kemelandingan leaves and so on. Actually nature Etawa goat who just love to eat grass leaves alone and rejected, is based on the habit. Maintenance in cattle Veterinary Surgeon in Bogor has been able to maintain that no memantangkan Etawa goat grass. Every day he was given the green food in the Plavix to native goats. So if you want to raise goats Etawa, let him get used to being forced out of a small grass and should not be eating leaves. And so the maintenance Etawa it will be no different with the maintenance of native goats. Etawa that produce the milk should be given uga food reinforcement every day, in addition to green food. Size it to an amplifier meals a day is ½ -1 kg. is given two times a day ie morning and lunch once. It was amplifier foods and food additives can be given as a slurry or dry. Etawa that provide breast milk should be played once every week and scrubbed it clean. Kotoranan attached to the fur must be cleaned constantly. Fur that is too long may be cut or cleared with a comb. Putting ahrus milking goat milk is always clean and healthy condition. After bathing the animal should not be immediately entered the cage but first let heated sun dried or rubbed with a dry cloth to dry.
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